Pioneer: Journal of Advanced Research and Scientific Progress

Mathematical Analysis of Trigonometric Functionsa and Their Uses In Mathematics

Aseel Najeh Abbas — 2024-06-13

Trigonometric functions, including sine, cosine, tangent, and their reciprocals, are fundamental components of mathematical analysis with extensive applications in various fields. This abstract delves into the mathematical properties, analytical methods, and practical uses of trigonometric functions. Initially defined as ratios of sides in right-angled triangles, these functions have been extended to the unit circle, enabling a broader scope of applications and a deeper understanding of their periodic nature and symmetries. The analysis of trigonometric functions encompasses their behavior, transformations, and relationships. Key aspects include their periodicity, amplitude, phase shifts, and frequency, all of which are crucial in signal processing, Fourier analysis, and differential equations. Furthermore, the inverse trigonometric functions provide critical insights into solving equations involving trigonometric expressions. Applications of trigonometric functions are manifold in pure and applied mathematics. They are indispensable in geometry for solving triangles, in calculus for integration and differentiation, and in linear algebra for rotations and transformations. Beyond these, they serve pivotal roles in physics for wave motion, in engineering for signal processing and electrical circuits, and in computer science for graphics and simulations.

Non-Governmental Organisations and the Challenges of Effective Empowering-Oriented Services: Case Study of the Noela Lyonga Foundation in Cameroon

Dr. Tanwie Linda Ngewie — 2024-01-12

From the late 1980s, Non-Governmental Organistions (NGOs) assumed a far greater role in development than previously. NGOs were first discovered and then celebrated by the international donor community as bringing fresh solutions to longstanding development problems characterized by inefficient government to government aid and ineffective development projects. This paper has been guided by specific objective sets out to examine if NGOs provide effective services to their communities and to identify the challenges faced in the process. This work will make use of the Civil Society theory. It advocates that, a civil society organization (CSO) or non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit, voluntary citizens’ group which is organized on a local, national or international level; which have taken on the role of leading great movement of change including civil rights and gender equality and other parity movements. They raise awareness of social issues and advocate for change, empowering local communities to develop new programs to meet their own needs. Both secondary and primary sources were used to collect data. Primary data was principally collected through two semi-structured questionnaires containing close and open ended question, interviews and observation while secondary data was gotten from published materials from journals and books. It was realized from the field that, Non-Governmental Organisations have provided effective empowered services in Cameroon though they are some challenges encountered. As a recommendation therefore, The Noela Lyonga Foundation should improve on policies in striving for a more indecisive and participative part-time and full-time volunteer placement for those looking for jobs and during events to enable productivity improvement through team work and quality work life programs.

The foundation empowerment activities should improve on the credibility of their part-time and full time volunteer performance appraisals among others.

The Impact of IFRS Changes on the Iraqi Environment: Case Study

Ibrahim Naeem Hasan — 2024-06-10

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has prioritized the evaluation of standards and the issuance of amendments and clarifications to eliminate any ambiguity present in certain paragraphs of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) it has issued. Therefore, the objective of this study was to provide insight into the most recent advancements in accounting literature. The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have had a significant impact on the Iraqi business environment. These standards have influenced the quality of accounting information provided by companies that adhere to them. This, in turn, affects the efficiency of investment decisions made in the local market and helps attract both domestic and foreign capital. The statistical research revealed a notable impact of IFRS revisions on the Iraqi environment, namely on the quality of accounting information and the effectiveness of decision-making. Companies in Iraq are required by the Accounting and Regulatory Standards Board and the Central Bank of Iraq to adhere to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and stay updated on any modifications to these standards.