Morphological and Morphometric Features of Arterial Duct Structure

Abstract

Normally, the arterial duct undergoes obliteration immediately after birth and turns into a connective tissue cord. Filling the lungs with oxygen leads to the closure of the duct with a thickened intima and a change in the direction of blood flow. The arterial (Batalov) duct is a structural formation of the fetal heart, through which the blood ejected by the left ventricle into the aorta passes into the pulmonary trunk and returns again to the left ventricle.

Vascular wall components: 1. the endothelium is a special type of epithelium that develops de novo. It consists of one layer of thin leaf-shaped cells that connect to each other at the edges. The endothelium forms the inner lining of the vessels. 2. Connection-woven, elastic and smooth muscle fibers in various combinations and ratios depending on the type and caliber of the vessel. 3. Nerve fibers and special small blood vessels that feed the walls of the arteries and veins. The wall of the blood vessel consists of 3 layers: 1. Internal - tunica intima 2. Middle - tunica media 3. External - tunica externa s. adventitia.